Build Bridges of Trust with Authentic Content
NEWS CENTER
Detailed Analysis and Introduction to the Basic Knowledge of Steel Structures
Release Time：
2022-02-22 13:48:44
When steel is exposed to radiant heat at 100℃ for a long time, its strength does not change significantly, showing a certain degree of heat resistance. However, when the temperature exceeds 150℃, thermal insulation layers must be used for protection. Steel has poor fire resistance: as the temperature rises, the material strength decreases significantly. Therefore, additional fire-retardant coatings or concrete encasement are required for fire protection.
1.1 Basic Concepts of Steel Structures
A steel structure refers to a structural component made of steel as the base material, which is processed and assembled through mechanical operations.
1.1.1 Characteristics of Steel Structures
High material strength, good plasticity and toughness
Compared with other building materials such as concrete, masonry and wood, steel has much higher strength. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for components and structures with large spans or heavy loads. Steel also features good plasticity and toughness: good plasticity ensures that the structure will not break suddenly due to overloading under normal conditions; good toughness makes the structure highly adaptable to dynamic loads. In addition, the excellent energy absorption capacity and ductility of steel also endow steel structures with superior seismic performance.
Small cross-section of components and light self-weight
Although the density of steel is higher than that of building materials like concrete, steel structures are lighter than reinforced concrete structures. The reason is that the ratio of strength to density of steel is much higher than that of concrete. For example, to bear the same load over the same span, the weight of a steel roof truss is usually only 1/3 to 1/4 of that of a reinforced concrete roof truss, and the weight of a cold-formed thin-walled steel roof truss is even close to 1/10 of the latter. This light weight provides convenient conditions for hoisting operations.
Simple manufacturing process and short processing cycle
The materials used for steel structures are uniform and ready-made, making the processing relatively simple and compatible with mechanical operations. Therefore, most steel structures are usually manufactured into components in specialized metal structure factories. On the construction site, these components can be assembled using easy-to-install ordinary bolts or high-strength bolts. Sometimes, they can also be assembled on the ground into larger units before hoisting, so as to shorten the construction period. For small quantities of steel structures and light steel roof trusses, on-site manufacturing is also feasible, and subsequent hoisting can be carried out with simple machinery and tools. Besides, it is relatively easy to renovate and reinforce existing steel structures; structures connected by bolts can even be disassembled if necessary.
Uniform material performance, easy inspection and control, and high reliability
Steel structure buildings are easy to renovate; their raw materials can be reused, which saves resources and is environmentally friendly.Steel structure buildings can realize large-span and large-space structures.
Poor corrosion resistance and high coating maintenance costs
Steel has relatively poor corrosion resistance, so structural protection must be emphasized, which makes the maintenance cost of steel structures higher than that of reinforced concrete structures. However, in general workshops without corrosive media, if the components are derusted and coated with qualified paint, the corrosion problem will not be serious. In recent years, weathering steel (atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel) with good rust resistance has been gradually promoted and applied.
Heat-resistant but not fire-resistant
When steel is exposed to radiant heat at 100℃ for a long time, its strength does not change significantly, showing a certain degree of heat resistance. However, when the temperature exceeds 150℃, thermal insulation layers must be used for protection. Steel has poor fire resistance: as the temperature rises, the material strength decreases significantly. Therefore, additional fire-retardant coatings or concrete encasement are required for fire protection.
Copyright ? 2025 Nantong ZhonghaiSteelStructure Co.,Ltd. All Rights Reserved Su ICP Registration No. 19013745-1 Technical Support: SUEASY